What are the chemical units that make up protein called?

The chemical units that make up proteins are called amino acids. Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They consist of long chains of amino acids that are linked together by peptide bonds. There are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form proteins, which then fold into specific shapes that determine their functions in biological processes.

Amino acids are essential for various bodily functions, including building and repairing tissues, acting as enzymes, and serving as signaling molecules. Understanding that proteins are composed of amino acids is fundamental in fields such as biochemistry, nutrition, and health sciences. This knowledge helps in comprehending how dietary protein is utilized by the body for growth and repair, as well as in the synthesis of hormones and other important molecules.