What term describes complete baldness on the scalp?

The term that describes complete baldness on the scalp is "Alopecia totalis." This condition is a specific form of alopecia characterized by the loss of all hair on the scalp. It results from an autoimmune response in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, leading to hair loss over a significant area.

In contrast, alopecia areata refers to hair loss that can occur in small patches but does not typically lead to total scalp baldness. Follicular damage speaks to issues affecting the hair follicles but does not specify a total loss of hair. The term "balding pattern" is more generic and refers to various stages or types of hair loss rather than a specific medical condition. Thus, "Alopecia totalis" specifically defines the complete absence of hair on the scalp, making it the correct choice in this context.