Which term refers to the process of changing hair curl patterns to be looser?

The term that refers to the process of changing hair curl patterns to be looser is curl reformation. This process is specifically designed to alter the structure of the hair's curl pattern while maintaining some texture, allowing for a softer and more manageable wave or curl. Curl reformation uses chemical treatments to break the disulfide bonds in the hair, adjusting the way the hair sits and creating a more relaxed curl pattern.

The other terms represent different processes or techniques. Permanents usually refer to methods that create long-lasting curls or waves in the hair, often resulting in tighter curls rather than looser ones. Relaxers are chemicals specifically used to straighten very curly or coily hair, aligning the hair strands for a sleeker finish. Texturizing typically involves techniques that enhance the natural curl or wave pattern of the hair while reducing bulk, but it does not fundamentally change the curl pattern to make it looser like curl reformation does.